Pengaruh Pasca-Pemrosesan Annealing Terhadap Sifat Mekanis Polimer Hasil Cetak 3D Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

Juan Pratama

doi:10.70746/jstunsada.v13i2.463

Authors

Juan Pratama Universitas Darma Persada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.70746/jstunsada.v13i2.463

Keywords:

3D printing, Annealing post-processing, Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Mechanical properties.

Abstract

Nowadays, 3-dimensional (3D) printing technology using the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) type for processing polymer materials is widely known and used because of its capability to produce products with complex shapes. Even though they have many advantages, FDM 3D printed products also have several disadvantages, where low mechanical properties are one of the main weaknesses of FDM 3D printed products caused by the non-uniform cooling process in the FDM 3D printed polymer material. In this research, post-processing annealing was carried out to determine the effect of reheating and uniform cooling on the mechanical properties of polylactic acid (PLA) 3D printed FDM results. The specimens were printed by varying the raster angle in the print parameters. Then, 3 variations of annealing temperature were used, i.e., 80, 120, and 150 °C. The research results show that post-processing annealing does not have a significant effect on the tensile strength, elongation, and elastic modulus of 3D FDM printed PLA, regardless of the raster angle used. In the end, this research can confirm one of the previous findings that post-processing annealing is a less effective method for improving the mechanical properties of FDM 3D printed products, especially PLA.

References

[1] J. Pratama, S. I. Cahyono, S. Suyitno, M. A. Muflikhun, U. A. Salim, M. Mahardika, and B. Arifvianto, “A Review on Reinforcement Methods for Polymeric Materials Processed Using Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF),” Polymers (Basel)., vol. 13, no. 22, p. 4022, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.3390/polym13224022.
[2] S. H. Masood and W. Q. Song, “Development of new metal/polymer materials for rapid tooling using Fused deposition modelling,” Mater. Des., vol. 25, no. 7, pp. 587–594, Oct. 2004, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2004.02.009.
[3] A. K. Sood, R. K. Ohdar, and S. S. Mahapatra, “Parametric appraisal of mechanical property of fused deposition modelling processed parts,” Mater. Des., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 287–295, Jan. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.016.
[4] H. Jami, S. H. Masood, and W. Q. Song, “Dynamic Response of FDM Made ABS Parts in Different Part Orientations,” Adv. Mater. Res., vol. 748, pp. 291–294, Aug. 2013, doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.748.291.
[5] E. Cantı and M. Aydın, “Effects of micro particle reinforcement on mechanical properties of 3D printed parts,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 171–176, 2018, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-06-2016-0095.
[6] J. Nsengimana, J. Van der Walt, E. Pei, and M. Miah, “Effect of post-processing on the dimensional accuracy of small plastic additive manufactured parts,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 1–12, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-09-2016-0153.
[7] I. Durgun and R. Ertan, “Experimental investigation of FDM process for improvement of mechanical properties and production cost,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 228–235, Apr. 2014, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-10-2012-0091.
[8] B. Huang, S. H. Masood, M. Nikzad, P. R. Venugopal, and A. Arivazhagan, “Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Fused Deposition Modelling Processed Polyphenylsulfone Material,” Am. J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–11, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.3844/ajeassp.2016.1.11.
[9] L. Cheng, P. Zhang, E. Biyikli, J. Bai, J. Robbins, and A. To, “Efficient design optimization of variable-density cellular structures for additive manufacturing: theory and experimental validation,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 660–677, Jun. 2017, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-04-2016-0069.
[10] J. B. Jones, D. I. Wimpenny, and G. J. Gibbons, “Additive manufacturing under pressure,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 89–97, Jan. 2015, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-02-2013-0016.
[11] T. Ke and X. Sun, “Melting behavior and crystallization kinetics of starch and poly(lactic acid) composites,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., vol. 89, no. 5, pp. 1203–1210, Aug. 2003, doi: 10.1002/app.12162.
[12] Q. Sun, G. M. Rizvi, C. T. Bellehumeur, and P. Gu, “Effect of processing conditions on the bonding quality of FDM polymer filaments,” Rapid Prototyp. J., 2008.
[13] S. Waqar, J. Liu, Q. Sun, K. Guo, and J. Sun, “Effect of post-heat treatment cooling on microstructure and mechanical properties of selective laser melting manufactured austenitic 316L stainless steel,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 1739–1749, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-12-2019-0320.
[14] W. Jo, O.-C. Kwon, and M.-W. Moon, “Investigation of influence of heat treatment on mechanical strength of FDM printed 3D objects,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 637–644, Apr. 2018, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-06-2017-0131.
[15] M. Behzadnasab, A. A. Yousefi, D. Ebrahimibagha, and F. Nasiri, “Effects of processing conditions on mechanical properties of PLA printed parts,” Rapid Prototyp. J., vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 381–389, Oct. 2019, doi: 10.1108/RPJ-02-2019-0048.
[16] American Society for Testing and Materials, “ASTM D638-14, Standard Practice for Preparation of Metallographic Specimens,” ASTM Int., vol. 82, no. C, pp. 1–15, 2016, doi: 10.1520/D0638-14.1.