RANCANG BANGUN LOW HEAD TURBIN PIKO HIDRO
Abstract
Sumber energi listrik sangat dibutuhkan untuk memenuhi target elektrifikasi yang merata di pedesaan. Pemenuhah energi listrik di pedesaan tersebut dapat menggunakan energi setempat yang tersedia misalkan energi air. Potensi energi air yang dapat dimanfaatkan dapat berasal dari sungai-sungai kecil dengan pembangkit mini dan mikro-hidro. Tantangan terbesar dalam pemanfaatan energi air pada sungai-sungai tersebut adalah bagaimana mendesain turbin air yang sesuai dengan tipe sungai low head tersebut. Karena setiap lokasi air memiliki kondisi lokasi yang berbeda, maka desain, pemilihan jenis dan ukuran turbin yang tepat menjadi lebih penting. Penelitian ini merupakan desain secara teoritis dalam optimasi perancangan profile sudu turbin serta analisis efek pusaran air pada prestasi turbin. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mengembangakan model turbin menggunakan teori sayap. Selanjutnya dengan analisis numerik dihitung analisis daya hilang pada sistem akibat pusaran air. Hasil simulasi menunjutkan bahwa sudut serang optimum menghasilkan daya prediksi sebesar 976 W, serta daya hilang pada pusaran sebesar 8 W, sementara daya hilang total sebesar 59.5W atau efisiensi sistem berkurang 6% dengan efisiensi keseluruhan sebesar 74.5%.
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